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Metabolic water
Metabolic water refers to water created inside a living organism through their metabolism, by oxidizing energy-containing substances in their food. Animal metabolism produces about 110 grams of water per 100 grams of fat,〔http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v150/n3792/abs/150021a0.html〕 41.3 grams of water per 100g of protein and 55 grams of water per 100g of starch.〔〔http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O39-metabolicwater.html〕
Some organisms, especially xerocoles, animals living in the desert, rely exclusively on metabolic water. Migratory birds must rely exclusively on metabolic water production while making non-stop flights.〔http://dissertations.ub.rug.nl/faculties/science/2005/s.b.engel/〕 Humans, by contrast, obtain only about 8-10% of their water needs through metabolic water production.〔Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources (BANR), ''Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates: Second Revised Edition'' (2003), p. 144. ()〕
In mammals, the water produced from metabolism of protein roughly equals the amount needed to excrete the urea which is a byproduct of the metabolism of protein.〔 Birds, however, excrete uric acid and can have a net gain of water from the metabolism of protein.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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